Reducing machine



.lune 30, 1936. f w. J. ARMs'rRoNG I 2,045,688

REDUCING MACHINE Filed Sept. 19 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet Fig'. 1 ,4

, /N VEA/TOR Wa/er J. Arms rony.

June 30, 1936. 1 w. J. ARMSTRONG 2,045,683,

REDUCING MACHINE Filed sept. 19, 1931 l 2 sheets-sheet 2 Ely. 2

Patented June 30, 1936 REDUCING MACHINE Walter J. Armstrong, Columbus, Ohio, assignor to The Jerey Manufacturing Company, Columbus, Ohio, a 'corporation of Ohio Application september 1e, 1931, serial No. 563,853

15 Claims.

The present invention relates to-rotary reducing machines and particularly to provisions in such machines for the escape of unpulverable fragments.

According to the invention an escape opening for unpulverable fragments is disposed immediately below the feed opening so that fragments may pass out directly without coming into contact with the rotor. Such fragments as reach the rotor and are struck by the hammers are deflected by a defiecting surface across the feed and through the escape opening. The arrangement has been found particularly effective in machines used for the reduction of metal turnings in which oversize fragments of iron occur, but it will be understood that the application of the invention is not limited in this respect since the invention may be applied to rotary reducing machines generally, r

In order that the invention may be clearly understood I shall describe it with respect to two practical embodimentsv as shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a machine with the. present invention applied thereto', the' section being taken transversely of the rotor axis,

Figure 2 is a vertical axial section of the machine of Figure 1, and

Figure 3 is a. diagrammatic showing of a slightly modified form of machine.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, reference numeral 5 designates generally a casing in which is mounted a rotor generally designated at 6. The rotor is mounted on a horizontal shaft 1 supported in bearings 8 and 9 which are external of the casing. The rotor comprises a series of discs III keyed to the shaft within the casing and supporting a series of axially extending bars II and I2. Beaters or hammers I3 are swung on bars Il so that upon rotor rotation the beater heads are projected as shown in full lines in Figure 1, the projection of the beater heads being limited by the bars I2. Upon the vcessation or counter-action of centrifugal force, the beaters are adapted to move inwardly of the discs to' the dotted line position shown in Figure 1. n

Above the rotor the casing is provided with a feed opening I4 and forwardly of the feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation (which is that of the arrow in Figure 1) the casing is provided with a substantially vertical liner I5 which extends substantially fromA the level of the rotor axis to terminate upwardly somewhat above the level of feed opening I4.

' Opposite the liner or deflecting surface I5, the

casing is provided with an escape or discharge Opening I6 for unpulverable fragments, opening I6 constituting the mouth of a forwardly directed pocket I I which is provided with a clean-out door I8.

The lower edge I9 of the opening I6 lies directly above the forward edge of the curved casing wall portion 20, this wall portion being disposed above and rearwardly of the rotor shaft with respect to the direction of rotor rotation. The top edge 2l of the opening is dened by a substantially radial wall portion 2l and it will be noted that the edges I9 and 2| lie in a plane substantially radial to the rotor, the edge I9 being in advance of the edge 2l so that the escape opening is inclined beneath the feed opening. 1

Projecting downwardly from the upper edge of opening I6 are a number of fixed fingers 22 whose outer surfaces are substantially in the plane of the opening I6. Along the lower edge I9 of the opening is fixed an angle strip 23.

Between the top of the vertical deecting surface I5 and the feed opening, the casing is provided with a horizontally extending liner or deecting surface 28, the forward portion 24' of the liner being inclined downwardly so that its plane includes the line of the top edge of opening I 6.

As here shown, feed is adapted to be effected through a chute 25, the direction of feed being toward delecting surface I5. Within the chute is suspended a curtain 26 which normally takes the full line position shown in Figure 1 but which is swung by the fed material to the dotted line position to permit the material to pass through feed opening I4 into the reduction chamber.

Fingers 22 serve to' guide the fed material across opening I 6 for entrainment by the hammers. Unpulverable fragments or foreign matter, however, may fall directly through opening I6 into the pocket, material in the pocket being retained by strip 23.

The upper and lower edges of opening I6 lie in a plane which is steeply inclined to the vertical, the lower edge being closer to the vertical axial plane of the rotor than the upper edge. 'Ihe surface 2l is inclined as the plane of the upper and lower edges of the opening, as here shown, and tends to guide the material to be reduced past the lower edge of the opening directly to the reducing zone. Heavy impulverable faced and disposed above wall 20, the hammers have no tendency to force the material to be reduced into the pocket. The entire disposition is such that very little of the material to be reduced finds its way into the pocket, the escape facilities for unpulverable fragments, however, being particularly effective. Curtain 26 intercepts fragments deiiected upwardly through the feed opening.

The embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 3 is similar to that above described with the exception that a curved or concave deiiecting surface 21 replaces the vertical and horizontal deflecting portions I5 and 24 of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2. 'I'he action of the defiecting surface will be evident from the drawings.

It will be understood that many modiiications of the described embodiments are possible without departure from the invention and accordingly I do not limit myself except as in the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a reducing machine, a casing, a rotor within the casing rotatable on a horizontal axis, a deflecting surface within the casing, the casing having an opening opposite said surface for the discharge of unpulverable fragments deected by said surface, said surface being in advance of said opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation, the casing having a. feed opening substantially between said surface and said discharge opening, the discharge opening being inclined beneath the feed opening to directly receive unpulverable fragments from the latter, and downwardly projecting fingers at the top of said discharge opening and inclined as the discharge opening to prevent the passage of material to be reduced directly between said feed and discharge openings.

2. In a reducing machine, a casing, a rotor rotatable in said casing on a horizontal axis, said casing having a feed opening above the rotor and a discharge opening below the feed opening and between the latter and the rotor and on the rearward side of the feed opening with respect to the direction 4of rotor rotation, said discharge opening being adapted to receive directly and pass unpulverable fragments fed through the feed opening, and non-continuous material guiding means at the upper edge of the discharge opening and extending over the upper portion of said discharge opening toward the lower edge thereof.

3. In a reducing machine, a casing, a rotor rotatable in said casing on a horizontal axis, said casing having a feed opening above the rotor and also defining an inclined discharge opening below the feed opening and between the latter and the rotor, said discharge opening having a lower edge in advance of its upper edge with respect to the direction of rotor rotation, and noncontinuous material guiding means at the upper edge of the discharge opening and extending over the upper portion of said discharge opening toward the lower edge thereof.

4. In a. reducing machine, a. casing, a rotor rotatable in said casing on a horizontal axis, said casing having a feed opening above the rotor and also defining an inclined discharge opening below the feed opening and between the latter and the rotor, said discharge opening having a lower edge in advance of its upper edge with respect to the direction of rotor rotation and material guiding ngers fixed at the upper edge of the opening and extending toward the lower edge thereof.

5. In a reducing machine, a casing, a rotor rotatable in said casing on a horizontal axis, said casing having a feed opening above the rotor and also defining a discharge opening directly below the feed opening in a plane substantially radial to the rotor and on the rearward side of the opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation, said discharge opening being disposed below the feed opening and between the latter and the rotor and non-continuous material guiding means at the upper edge of the discharge opening and extending over the upper portion of said discharge opening toward the lower edge thereof.

6. In a reducing machine, a casing, a rotor rotatable in said casing on a horizontal axis, said casing having a feed opening above the rotor and also defining a discharge opening in a plane substantially radial to the rotor, said dischfarge opening being disposed below the feed opening and between the ylatter and the rotor, and material guiding fingers extending substantially in the plane of said discharge opening.

'7. In a reducing machine, a casing, a rotor within the casing rotatable on a horizontal axis, said casing having a top feed opening, a deflecting surface within the casing forward of the feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation, the casing having an opening at the rear side of said feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation and positioned to pass directly impulverable fragments mixed in the fed material or to pass such impulverable fragments when deflected by said deecting surface, and guide means to prevent the passage of material to be reduced directly from said feed opening to said rearward opening.

.8. In a reducing machine, a casing, a rotor within the casing rotatable on a horizontal axis, said casing having a top feed opening, a deiiecting surface within the casing forward of the feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation, the casinghaving an opening at the rear side of said feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation and positioned to pass directly impulverable fragments mixed in the fed material or to pass such impulverable fragments when deiiected by said defiecting surface, said rearward opening being inclined beneath the feed opening to lie at least in part directly beneath the latter, and guide means to prevent the passage of material to be reduced directly from said feed opening to said rearward opening.

9. In a reducing machine, a casing, a rotor within the casing rotatable on a horizontal axis, said casing having a top feed opening, a substantially vertical deflecting surface within the casing forward of the feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation, the casing having an opening at the rear side of said feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rota- 75 tion and positioned to pass directly impulverable fragments mixed in the fed material or to pass such impulverable fragments when deflected by said deilecting surface, and a substantially horizontal auxiliary deflecting surfacebetween the top of said vertically disposed deflecting surface and the feed opening, the marginal portion of said horizontal deecting surface adjacent the feed opening being downwardly `inclined toward said discharge opening.

10. In a reducing machine, a casing, a rotor within the casing rotatable ona horizontal axis,

said casing having a top feed opening, a deecting surface within the casing forward of the feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation, the casing having a discharge opening at the rear side of said feed opening with respect to the direction of. rotor rotation faced toward said surface, there being an unobstructed space in the casing between said deilecting surface and said discharge opening, said discharge opening having top and bottom edges in a plane steeply inclined to the vertical, the lower edge being closer to the vertical axial plane of the rotor than the upper edge, guide means above the lower edge for directing the material to be reduced fed through the feed opening past the lower edge of the discharge opening to the reducing zone,in termixed heavy impulverable fragments gravitating directly through said discharge opening, said discharge opening also passing impulverable fragments deflected by said deilecting surface.

1l. In a reducing machine, a. casing, a rotor within the casing rotatable on a horizontal axis, said casing having a top feed opening, a substantially upright deflecting surface within the casing forward of the feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation and a top substantially horizontal deflecting surface, the casing having a discharge opening at the rear sider of said feed opening with respect to the direction of rotor rotation faced toward said substantially upright surface, there being an unobstructed space in the casing between said. substantially upright surface and said discharge opening, said discharge opening having top and bottom edges in a plane steeply inclined to the vertical, the lower edge being closer to the vertical axial plane of the rotor than the upper edge, guide means above the lower edge for directing the material to be reduced fed through the feed opening past the lower edge of the discharge opening to the reducing zone, intermixed heavy impulverable fragments gravitating directly through said discharge opening, said discharge opening also passing impulverable fragments deflected by said defiectlng surfaces.

12. In a .reducing machine, the combination with a casing having a feed opening in its upper side, of pulverizing mechanism comprising a rotary crusher in the lower portion of said casing and spaced below said feed opening, mechanism aifordlng'a discharge opening in one side of said casing between the said feed opening and said rotary crusher and rearwardly of the direction of rotation of said rotary crusher, the inner walls of said casing forwardly of said feed opening with respect to the direction of rotation of said rotary crusher being provided with surfaces in position to receive from said rotary crusher heavy impulverable fragments and deflect them rearwardly across the space between said feed opening and said rotary crusher into said discharge `opening.

13. In a reducing machine, the combination with reducing mechanism comprising a rotary crusher, of an enclosure comprising a feed opening for directing to said rotary crusher the materialv to be reduced, means affording a discharge -opening between said feed opening and said rotary crusher at one side of a compartment in said enclosure above said rotary crusher and rearwardly thereof with respect to the direction of rotation thereof and 4defiecting means within said enclosure opposite said discharge opening and forwardly of said feed opening in position to direct impulverable material into said discharge opening. i

14. In a reducing machine, the combination with a casing having a lower reducing compartment and an upper receiving and separating compartment, the upper compartment having a feed opening in its top and a discharge opening in one side with a side vertical deflecting surface and a top horizontal deflecting surface on itsinterior opposite said discharge opening, and reducing mechanism comprising a rotary crusher in said lower compartment spaced below said feed opening and adapted to rotate in such direction as to throw impulverable material against said vertical and top horizontal deflecting surfaces for separation and discharge rearwardly of said upper compartment into said discharge opening.

15.' In a reducing machine, the combination with a casing having a lower reducing compartment and an upper receiving and separating compartment with a feed opening in the top of said upper compartment, of reducing mechanism comprising a rotary crusher in the lower compartment, mechanism to afford vertical side wall and roof deecting surfaces in the upper compartment forwardly of the feed opening with respect to the direction of rotation of said rotary crusher, and an auxiliary casing having a receiving opening in that side of said upper compartment opposite said deilecting surfaces and between said feed opening and said rotary crusher in position to receive impulverable material thrown by said rotary crusher against said defiecting surfaces and directed rearwardly thereby across said upper compartment between said feed opening and said rotary crusher.

WALTER J. ARMSTRONG. 

